The eyes have it
Topic: eye color

Eye color gives clues to underlying genetics. I thought I pretty much knew the genetics of the parents here: above is Neo, a tortoiseshell Dad with clear brown eyes; whose genotype I am pretty sure is:
aaBBCcD-ee
and Sydney, a chocolate doe with brownish eyes, pictured below, whose genotype is
aabbCcD-E-:

But wait! They had a litter that came out in surprise format!
4 of the bunnies were white, which is fine:
aaBbcc---e, and 4 of the bunnies were black, which is also fine:
aaBbC-D-Ee. So far, so good. But, as they reached 5 weeks of age all of a sudden I got a clear look at the eye color of the black bunnies:

Fully black bunnies have brown eyes, and the fellow in the front has grey eyes. Grey eyes in a black rabbit can be caused by having an incompletely dominant "C" gene allowing only SOME of the black and yellow pigments possible in a rabbit express themselves.
(To read all about the black and yellow pigments in any given rabbit's genetics, check out this older post)
So, now we are looking at a "chmc" expressing or a "chdc" expression. Which parent is the culprit?

To get ANY white bunnies in a litter BOTH parents have to have a little "c" gene, which leaves them ONLY one spot to have a big "C" gene. So, one of them has eyes that are not as dark brown as they could be. Mama is the culprit, I can assume. She is the ONLY chocolate rabbit in the barn, and I have had no one else to compare her eyes to. Since her coat has stayed pretty dark, I will rule out the chl gene (although I am open to reinterpretation if someone can suggest further information about this!). That leaves chd and chm as possibilities.

The info I have gathered to date tells me that chm will allow light brown eyes and dark fur. Hmmm. Chm is one of those in-between "C" genes that some color genetics texts discount, preferring to use either a chd, or chl in its place.

So, I am still in a quandry, but I have a little more respect for genes that can modify a color's full expression!

Production spinning on a Norman Hall wheel
Topic: Handspinning

I've been spinning since 1992. I have spun on Louets and Ashfords, and have tried out many other wheels, but the day I sat down in front of a Norman Hall Traditional wheel I felt transformed. Maybe it was the wood, or maybe it was the flyer on the right, or maybe it was the HUGE (to me) drive wheel or maybe it was the smooth flow of fiber as it could RACE through my fingers. Whatever the reason, I had to have one. Mr. Hall had a waiting list, and I got on it. Luckily my friend Carolyn who is WAY ahead of me in her fiber tool acquisitions, decided to drop out of the running and made me (happily!) her slave for life by offering me her spot. So, my wait was three years instead of five.

My oak wheel arrived last fall and I promised myself I would spin a whole sweater's worth of yarn on it before I began to even THINK I understood what it could do. As good luck would have it, my friend Shelia-with-no-blog (what's up with that?!) also acquired a walnut Norman Hall Traditional and we have been each other's support group as we get to know the wheels.

I can spin for about 5 hours on this wheel before I get tired. I am very, very pleased to have this in my living room. I am almost 1/3 of the way through the sweater's worth of yarn project and I am beginning to get a good feel for what it can do. For instance, I know a very full drum carded batt of 2.2 oz. can be spun onto a single bobbin, and that 3 of these bobbins can be plied together to make a 6.6 oz. skein of yarn that fills a bobbin just about completely. This is very useful information for me as I plan a project to have the biggest unbroken skeins possible.

New Support List for Angora Breeders

I have been listening to your private e-mail, and will announce here a project near and dear to my heart: a support list for Angora raising and breeding.

The beautiful and wonderful angora rabbit is, at her best, a companion and treasured pet. She shares her wool with you gratefully, and will thrive under your watchful eye. But sometimes your watchful eye needs a little help and a place to go to get your questions answered by breeders who have been doing this a long time.

Thus is the reason for the Angora Community. This community will not be affiliated with any particular organization, but will exist to provide support for those who need a friendly place to get information about living with and breeding angora rabbits, and using angora fiber in various ways. Many of the breeders on the list have businesses where they do this full time, and some just dabble. All of the founding folks are dedicated to reasonably priced angora rabbits who are bred with careful concern for the health and future of of the breeds they work with. We are united in our desire to improve the overall health and personality of Angora rabbits here in the US, and with that in mind will pursue subjects that will educate us to help make the best choices we possibly can in choosing breeding stock from our home rabbitries. We hope to aspire to group defined standards for health in angoras, and to develop a network of breeders to rely on for quality animals as we add to our herds.

If you would like to try out the list for a while, send an e-mail to claudia@countrywool.net with your name and location and what angora rabbits you have in your herd or would LIKE to have!

The Handspun Sweater Project Continues...
Topic: Handspinning
The weather has turned hot and humid here in Eastern New York State, and I am spending the afternoons inside with the AC on...spinning.

Since my last post about this project, I have taken some pictures of what I am working with at the drum carder.
These 3 fibers, (clockwise from 9 o'clock)natural angora (black that appears grey); undyed Corriedale wool; and dyed Cormo wool:

are blended together in one pass on the Supercard to get this:

I worked out many sample skeins before I got to the one that had the twist/color blend that gave me what I was looking for. It ended up wanting to be a 3 ply:

Just for fun, I have calculated how long it took me to make this skein.
Since it is fruitless to figure the time I took to raise the rabbits and shear 4 of them for the angora used in this sweater, I will start from the raw fleece point.

I purchased a natural charcoal Corriedale wool fleece; a natural white Cormo wool fleece and washed both of them. I dyed the Cormo fleece with Cushings 100% Dark Grey and 25%Turquoise Blue and carded it once on the Supercard as the tips refused to open well enough through the five washes/dye baths. Then I made up 2.2 oz batts of 1/3 each angora, Cormo, Corriedale. Then I spun them as a pretty thin singles with moderate twist on my Norman Hall wheel (I really should put up a picture of this wheel at some point, eh?), plying three 2.2 oz bobbins to make 1 - 3 ply 6.6 oz skein of approximately 300 yards.

This took, allowing partial times for the dyeing/washing of whole fleeces, 15 hours.

The yarn looks like a worsted weight and although I haven't knit it yet (next week!) I think it will be around 4.5-5 stitches=1". So, I figure I need to make 2000 yards to have more than enough for an oversized sweater. This equals almost 7 skeins.

I plan on getting one or more skeins a week done, leaving the last one for finishing on my trip to Marie's in July. There we will toast this part of the project's completion, as I plot the sweater.

Bart the Bunny and evaluating bunnies at 8 weeks

Here is Bart, who goes to live with Trish this weekend. He is a real cutie and has been growing like a weed. His demeanor is calmer than his bigger brother, and I think Trish will like him.

Today I weighed all the 8 week and 3 week bunnies as some are leaving this weekend. I like to keep records of litters at this age to see which direction my breedings are going in. This is only the first step in a long series of checkpoints as I evaluate potential breeding stock. Some folks in the industry call this the first culling, and although that can be correct, "culled" rabbits here are simply ones that are removed from the breeding agenda and are designated pet/fiber quality.

So in Gretchen's litter, the three weighed 2# 15 oz; 2# 15.8 oz, and 3# 9 oz. Since the German standard is a rabbit that is around 10 pounds (I don't have the standards in front of me...there is a range) I generally pick the biggest and fastest growing bunnies as keepers. In this litter that is a black buck. So he gets a name and his own cage this weekend.

In Grindle's litter, we have 4 weighing 2# 15 oz; 2# 15.8 oz, 3# 1.2 oz and 3# 5 oz. The biggest one is a tortoiseshell doe, and she will get her own cage and name this weekend, also.

Sydney's 3 week old litter has a range from 6 oz to 10 oz. The little 6 oz buck will indeed be pet quality. He is just adorable and has great spirit, but is not filling out like his siblings. Sometimes these little ones do not do well after weaning, but I'll keep an eye on him and we'll see where he goes.

Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease in Indiana...READ THIS!
Anyone with rabbits, any kind of domestic or feed rabbits, should take a few minutes to acquaint themselves with the symptoms of RHD(Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease), also known as RCD (Rabbit Calcivirus Disease) and VHD (Viral Hemorrhagic Disease). This disease kills rabbits in less than 2 days. Agricultural authorities are very concerned when it flares up in the US, and it just did this week in Indiana. You can read the press release from the Indiana State Board of Animal Health , which lists the symptoms to watch for. This disease has been identified in the world since 1984. There is no cure, and the only vaccine available is not allowed in the US for many complicated reasons.

Here is the problem with this disease; it can be in Indiana today, and with folks traveling for the summer, in California, New York, Texas, Florida or Maine tomorrow. The virus that causes this can live on infected clothing for over a month. It is carried from sick rabbits on shoes, on feed, on cages, on clothing. You get the picture. There is no cure, and entire herds are euthanized when it is in the neighborhood to be on the safe side.

They suspect the original infected rabbits were purchased at a flea market in Kentucky and brought to Indiana a week/two weeks ago. Facts are still uncertain. For this reason, I am closing my barns to the public until 8 weeks have passed with no new cases appearing.

In all likelihood the health department will get a handle on this before too many more rabbits die. The last outbreak in 2001 saw the euthanization of over 600 rabbits in 4 states before they saw the disease halt.

If you have a rabbit that gets listless and begins to bleed from any body opening, call your vet.

New arrivals :)
Topic: black
Two new bunnies have arrived this past week from other angora rabbit breeders. I find it healthy to keep improving my breeding program with new genetics.

Grijsje (Dutch! a color name for grey/charcoal I am told) who's pronunciation is "greet-cha" as far as I can tell, arrived from Charlene Schultz. Two years ago, Charlene sent the beloved and now lost Zwart, and Grijsje is related to him. His job description includes becoming a stud muffin for 6 does, should his stay here prove fruitful. He is a character and I can tell Charlene has loved him alot. His fiber is incredible for his age (13 weeks!)

And from The Spinning Bunny came this feisty little thing:

Lucinda traveled with Alice from Wonderland Dyeworks and spent a few days with Shelia and Jen from Spirit Trail Fiberworks on her route to me. When she arrived I was totally amazed at her luscious black color and her deep, dense fur. From traditional German Angora lines, this sweet thing is simply perfect. She spends her days tossing her food bowl, which Shelia and Jen informed me is what she did with them.

Both bunnies will be in quarantine for 6 weeks as they settle down from the move and become accustomed to the new germs here. This is a precaution for them as much as for my herd, and allows everyone to live a calm lifestyle for a while before joining ranks. And it's fun for me to spend time with them alone after I have fed and watered the rest of the herd.

Sidney's litter at 13 days

Yesterday was "Rabbit, Rabbit Day" in our house. On the first of each month, we all chant that phrase upon awakening, for it is supposed to bring good luck all month if that is the first phrase you utter this day.

Sidney has been SO protective of this litter, that on this Rabbit Rabbit Day, their 13th day of life, I was surpised to see them just throw back the nest covering and exit. It was unreal. AND mama let me snap pictures to my heart's content.

I have had a complete charge of heart about this rabbit, as she has had a personality transformation since the bad delivery 8 weeks ago. When breeders tell you that rabbits can change after having a second litter, add me to the ranks of those who believe them.

I love angora rabbits. I cannot imagine my life without them in it. Peaceful, beautiful, and after their angora fur is spun into yarn and knit...warm!

Genetic calculator
Topic: color genetics
It is always a guess what any two rabbit genetic combinations will produce in the way of color. Sometimes the parent's genes are simple and sometimes (most often)they are not. If you are new at the breeding game, you might enjoy playing with probability calculators, which will show you potential color outcomes of any pair of rabbits mated together.

There's a new website in town, and Mamma Rabbit has such a calculator free on site. I just fooled with it for a bit and was entertained. The downside of any of these calculators (and they are included in most rabbit pedigree software programs, also) is that unless you have the parents' colors properly labeled, they are not even close. This ARBA (American Rabbit Breeder Association) rabbitry breeds show color rabbits, but some colors that pop out in litters are not showable. This is not an issue with fiber rabbits, but it does make the color names tough to settle on, when using an ARBA color list.

Color identification comes with experience, but there are some vital clues exhibited on day four of any angora's life that should not be missed. If you ever have a question about what color you have, feel free to contact me SENDING PICTURES of all sides (at least 6) of the kit and I'll send you MY guess. Then again, once the coat comes in fully, after 4-6 weeks, certain color modifications are evident (the color rings in an agouti coat and the ticking in a steel pattern, for example)and the original guess can be fine tuned.

At the end of the day, knowing the honest history of the colors in the parents, grandparents and great grandparents will be your best guide. Getting rabbits from people you trust will go a long way towards that end. Know thy breeder!

Wool Mites and Harvested Angora
Topic: Wool Mites

I had a wonderful time browsing at Cummington while waiting for the second bunny to arrive, and got a chance to really look over the wares that folks had brought. I bought some fabulous handspun French angora from ELEMENTAL DESIGNS; mohair and mohair dyed locks to play with from Twin Gate Farms; and my usual spinning batts from Spinner's Hill. I love to fiber shop and support small fiber businesses.

It was interesting to see the angora rabbits there, from bunnies too young to be sold (!) to pricey Germans with weepy eyes (!) to delightful Agouti bunnies (I do not keep or breed that color pattern, but someday I may have a few for fun). I acquired my own bunny from Charlene, and Grijsje will make an appearance on the blog this week, as will Lucinda who comes with Shelia and Jen today.

In browsing, I happened to see bags of angora spinning fiber for sale. Those of you with angora rabbits already who buy spinning fiber would do well to treat the fiber as you would a new rabbit. Quarantine the fiber for a while, then treat it for fur mites before you use it, as discussed here before. Fur mites can invade your clothing in 5 minutes when you use infected fiber, and then invade any rabbit you touch or feed in the next few hours. So, just think before you proceed. And, if you are selling fiber, it would be a courtesy to sprinkle the fiber with CARBARYL flea powder before you pack it.